An overview of mycotoxins, their pathogenic effects, foods where they are found and their diagnostic biomarkers

Mycotoxins are products of the secondary metabolism fungi, which can be present in food as contaminants. According to Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), these substances, making them relevant global health, contaminate approximately 25% all worldwide. The occurrence exposure mycotoxins is more common developing countries, where their effects harmful health due high rate malnutrition places. damage caused by manifest acutely or chronically, among stand out hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, immunogenicity, carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, teratogenesis associated with particularly dangerous nutritional disorders children from poorer regions. This review focuses on aflatoxins, fumonisins, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol ochratoxins, special attention impacts human animal based experimental studies case reports. biomarkers most used detection substances also discussed.